DNA

DNA - Deoxyribonucleic Acid

The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule is the genetic blueprint for each cell and ultimately the blueprint that determines every characteristic of a living organism.
The DNA molecule was discovered in 1951 by Francis Crick, James Watson, and Maurice Wilkins using X-ray diffraction. In 1953 Crick described the structure of the DNA molecule as a double helix, somewhat like a sprial staircase with many individual steps. In 1962 Crick, Watson, and Wilkins received the Nobel prize for their pioneering work on the structure of the DNA molecule.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA), is genetic material of all cellular organisms and most viruses. DNA carries the information needed to direct protein synthesis and replication. Protein synthesis is the production of the proteins needed by the cell or virus for its activities and development. Replication is the process by which DNA copies itself for each descendant cell or virus, passing on the information needed for protein synthesis. In most cellular organisms, DNA is organized on chromosomes located in the nucleus of the cell.